T. Shankar ¹, Tony James ¹, R. Mageshvaran ¹, A. Rajesh ¹

Affiliations
1 VIT University, Vellore, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The nodes in a wireless sensor network are extremely energy limited. Often, there occurs transmission of similar sensed data from adjacent nodes of a geographical region with high sensor node density. Network lifetime of the sensor network can be improved by grouping such closely packed nodes using the node locations obtained from a localization algorithm, thereby eliminating redundant data transmission. Methods: This paper employs the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) for node localization and the performance of this method is compared against alternative localization techniques, viz. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA). Findings: The lifetime improvement of the proposed Proximity Grouping Algorithm (PGA) method is compared with that offered by conventional Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) method. Application/Improvements: The proposed PGA method shows 35% better network lifetime improvement, based on the residual energy of the network.

Keywords

Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), Flower Pollination, Localization, Meta Heuristic, Network Lifetime.

Full Text

   

T.N. Padmini ¹, T. Shankar ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Vellore, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Images captured under foggy or hazy conditions have low contrast and meager color. The proposed work is carried to improve the visibility of hazy images. Methods: The proposed method is based on ‘dark channel prior’ to remove haze, along with guided filter to refine the image due to the occurrence of halos. Even after refinement, halos are not completely removed. So, for further refinement edge preserving smoothing global filter L0 gradient minimization filter is used. Findings: This method has an advantage over conventional method by suppressing halos completely. Application/Improvements: The proposed method improves the contrast and increase in entropy reveals that the detail information is preserved effectively.

Keywords

Air-light, Attenuation, Dark Channel Prior, Guided Filter, L0gradient Minimization Filter.

Full Text

   

A. Karthikeyan ¹, T. Shankar ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Vellore - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To implement clustering of sensor nodes to improve the lifespan of a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Methods: Proposed procedure Crossbreed Energy Resourceful Layering Protocol (CERLP) uses parameters like lasting energy, sink position and neighboring nodes count to pick the Cluster Head. Since, more parameters are considered for CH selection the energy dissipation is reduced. So, the lifetime is increased for a considerable time. The projected procedure is an energy-aware protocol with unequal clustering. A novel technique called layer supervisor is introduced. The role of the layer supervisor is to gather facts from the group heads and forward it to the sink using a defined routing path. Findings: Investigational outcomes display that the suggested procedure can significantly outperform several existing algorithms with high stability and good energy efficiency. Improvements/Applications: The problems like energy-hole problem and hotspot problem are reduced by using dynamic clustering. Imbalanced grouping practice is used to balance the load among the Cluster Heads.

Keywords

Base Station (BS), Cluster Head (CH), First Node Death (FND), Gathering, Half Node Death (HND), Last Node Death (LND), Mobile Sink (MS), Wireless Sensors Networks (WSN).

Full Text

   

V. Srividhya ¹, T. Shankar ¹, A. Karthikeyan ¹, Pranjay Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Vellore - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To implement an effective spectrum access technique using cognitive radio technology with distance based clustering and routing algorithm with in wireless sensor networks and test this algorithm with different scenarios by varying position of the base station. Methods: Network region is divided into parts for allocating the spectrum and topology control, by distance based multi hop clustering and routing algorithm which decides cluster forming strategy on the basis of distance from the base station and route the data with less hops. Findings: The simulation shows, the proposed algorithm was able to provide a better Network Life time with the same amount of initial energy. Also, election of cluster heads on the basis of distance has helped in increasing the stability. And, with different efficient distance thresholds deciding single hop and multi hop communication. Application/Improvements: The proposed algorithm increases the scalability of the network, in comparison to the existing algorithms, by an average of 29%, when the base station is kept at the corner and, by 42.5%, when it is kept away from the corner.

Keywords

Cognitive Radio, Clustering, Energy efficient, Routing, Stability, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN).

Full Text

   

A. Rajesh ¹, G. Pragathi ¹, T. Shankar ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Vellore – 14, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Recent advances in IEEE 802.11ac based wireless networks have made them potential enough to be used for Voice over Wireless Local Area Networks (VoWLAN). The main requirement in the design of such network is to minimize the energy consumption to maximize the network lifetime of user equipment’s. Methods/Statistical Analysis: For such energy conservation, the IEEE 802.11ac networks make use of power saving protocols, where the wireless radio is turned on and off periodically. In this paper, a group based adaptive power saving mechanism is suggested that dynamically utilize the contention and transmission opportunity parameters of user equipment. Findings: The design of the power saving is unique as the grouping is based on the current power level of user equipment’s, type of service, channel status and the number of services to a user equipment. Application/Improvements: Simulation results shows that proposed grouping technique provides an improvement of 46.25% and 47.29% in terms of energy consumption and delay, respectively compared the existing power saving protocol for delay sensitive and VoWLAN applications.

Keywords

IEEE 802.11ac, Medium Access Control, VoWLAN, Wireless Networks.

Full Text

   

A. Karthikeyan ¹, T. Shankar ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Vellore, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Energy efficiency and optimization of battery resources are the most important design standards for the wireless sensor networks. Methods: Using Compressive sensing the number of transmissions of sensor nodes is reduced thereby using the battery resources of the sensor node efficiently. In this paper, a cluster-based hybrid method is proposed using compressive sensing with mobile sink, which collects data periodically along the predefined path and uploads data to its respective relay nodes which further communicates the information to the collection head. The data is transmitted to the nearest rendezvous node in a certain number of rounds depending on the compression ratio; after undergoing compression at individual cluster heads. The main reason for the extended lifetime of this network is the reduction in the number of transmissions and the reduced transmission range of nodes. Findings: Investigation a lout comes display that the proposed algorithm can considerably out class numerous prevailing procedures with high stability and good energy efficiency. Improvements: The stability of the proposed algorithm is increased and holds good even when the area of the region increased with the lowest rate of energy dissipation.

Keywords

Base station (BS), Clustering, Cluster Head (CH), Compressive Sensing (CS), Mobile Sink (MS), Rendezvous Node (RN), Wireless Sensors Networks (WSN).

Full Text

   

N. Lavanya ¹, T. Shankar ¹

Affiliations
1 VIT University, Vellore - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The design of Energy efficiency wireless sensor network is a challenging research since battery is consider as power source to the sensor nodes. Recharging battery is very difficult and impossible in some cases. Methods/Analysis: In Wireless sensor networks, clustering techniques consist of partitioning the network into a various number of sensor groups called clusters. The clustering technique selects the cluster heads in the rotation manner to perform data aggregation operation. Findings: To prolong the lifespan of a network, sensor nodes are scheduled to sleep dynamically. Sleep Scheduling (SS) mechanism is the most widely used technique for efficiently managing network energy consumption. In this paper, we provide a survey on energy-efficient scheduling mechanisms in Wireless sensor networks that has different network architecture than the traditional Wireless Sensor Networks.

Keywords

Cluster Head, Energy Efficiency, Sleep Scheduling Mechanism, Software Defined Network (SDN), Wireless Sensor Network.

Full Text